What Causes Rising Cholesterol In The Bloodstream

There is no clear scientifically proven explanation as to exactly how a diet high in saturated fat can be the cause of rising cholesterol in the blood. We also do not know exactly how cholesterol could develop cardiovascular disease. However, there is a very plausible theory that has a large following in the scientific community.

The LDL connection

It begins with a high level of LDL cholesterol. Excess levels of LDL cholesterol often cause some of the excess cholesterol to move to the artery walls. The more the LDL levels, the more cholesterol moves out of the bloodstream and into the blood vessel walls. Rigidity of the artery walls might determine how much cholesterol might adhere to the artery walls. Smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, and also other influences like stress may constrict artery walls. This could result in a disruption in the blood circulation as well as pressure. When this happens, artery walls can weaken or become scarred in the first layer of the lining allowing LDL to further embed into the artery walls.

The role of inflammation

This sets off a chain reaction where the body effectively sabotages itself. Swelling flares up in the affected region resulting in White blood cells or macrophages to rush to the scene. The macrophages absorb the cholesterol and become engorged further blocking the blood vessels. These cells continue to call for even more reinforcements resulting in even more congestion for the flow of blood. The macrophages are created to destroy infectious bacterias and then vanish are fighting Lipids which by their very nature are being continually reproduced. A never ending battle rages. This leads to a steady and continuing state of inflammation in the artery wall. At some point the overloaded macrophage is killed and all the cholesterol and inflammatory substances are discharged into the artery wall.

Eventually the body forms a cap of sorts over the swollen wall section. This cap forms plaque that begins the state of atherosclerosis and the shrinking of the artery opening and resultant constriction in the blood flow. Should this occur in an artery that leads to the heart, it can impede the flow of blood to the heart. This restriction however does not usually cause a cardiac arrest. Plaque deposits are full of inflammation and LDL. Immune cells, T-lymphocytes and macrophages, are the most severe when it comes to containing inflammatory cells. If the plaque deposit has a thin cap, it is more certain to rupture.

Ruptures are the most common cause of heart attacks.

Should a plaque cap rupture, blood will seep into the artery wall. The typical wound response mechanism begins and clotting agents are sent to the region. Platelets enter the wound to create a scab that inside an artery wall is deadly. This scab or clot inside an artery is termed as thrombus. It can cut off blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle. The section of the heart that is deprived of oxygen rich blood begins to die. This is the way cardiac arrest occur. The scientific term is known as a myocardial infarction.

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